http://gatesofvienna.blogspot.com/2012/02/islamic-fundamentalism-in-german.html
Islamic Fundamentalism in the German Federal Republic
The 21st-century Counterjihad movement came late to the game. The work that we do today was anticipated more than twenty years ago — even before Bat Ye’or published The Dhimmi — by Karl Binswanger, a German scholar and expert on the Ottoman Empire. In a ground-breaking essay published in 1990, Dr. Binswanger analyzed the parallel Turkish society that was then emerging in German cities.
Andrew Bostom has commissioned a translation of this important work. The full text is below, preceded by Dr. Bostom’s introduction.
An Introduction to Karl Binswanger
By Andrew G. Bostom
Karl Binswanger was born in 1947, and studied at the University of Munich where he received a Ph.D in 1977 for the thesis, Investigations on the Status of Non-Muslims in the Ottoman Empire of the 16th Century, With a New Definition of the Concept “Dhimma”, a pioneering analysis of dhimmitude under Ottoman rule. He was a research fellow at the Institut fur Geschichte und Kultur des Nahen Ostens, Munich, from 1978-1980, and subsequently analyzed Islamic fundamentalism in Iran, Syria, and within Germany itself.