George Orwell’s Animal Farm turns 70 on August 17, but the occasion is more than a publishing anniversary. Decades after its release, the anti-Communist, anti-Stalinist classic reveals a dynamic of the left often overlooked but still playing out daily.
In Orwell’s tale, old Major, Mr. Jones’ prize boar, makes his famous speech about the oppression of farm animals by human beings. While Major was speaking, “four large rats crept out of their holes and were sitting on their hindquarters listening to him.” The dogs chased them off, but the incident prompted Major to pose a question: “Are rats comrades?” The vote was taken at once, “and it was agreed by an overwhelming majority that rats were comrades.”
Rats, also known as criminals, are very much at home on the revolutionary left, as Orwell knew from Stalin, a bank robber, gangster and mass murderer. Such criminals do not shun violent action against political opponents, which is why, in leftist regimes, the worst tend to get on top. F.A. Hayek explained that reality in The Road to Serfdom, published a year before Animal Farm, when Stalinism was the rage. But there’s more to this than history.