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https://compactmag.com/article/china-is-winning-the-global-south

China’s Belt and Road Initiative has transformed the economies of the Middle Kingdom and of the Global South. By 2019, China had relocated a high proportion of labor-intensive industries like textiles, apparel, toys, sporting goods, and footwear, to the benefit of Vietnam, Indonesia, Bangladesh, and other low-cost venues. By the following year, China had lent $1.5 trillion to developing countries across the world to finance exports and investment. Today, China exports more to the Global South than to all developed markets combined.

What’s less appreciated in the West is the profound impact of what Chinese officials call the Digital Silk Road: Beijing’s effort to penetrate the Global South’s digital ecosystems, especially via artificial intelligence, thus reshaping entire regional political economies to its preferences.

In 2015, as an investment banker working for a Hong Kong boutique, I arranged a tour of the Chinese tech conglomerate Huawei’s Shenzhen headquarters, with its sprawling exhibit hall, for the Mexican ambassador to Beijing. At the end, we sat in a small amphitheater to hear a Huawei employee lecture the Mexicans on how broadband could transform their economy. It was a well-researched pitch, and afterward, I learned that the firm has developed detailed, customized digital plans for 100 countries.

The combination of mobile broadband and AI portends an economic upheaval in parts of the Global South, starting in developing Asia. AI is a poor substitute for the higher functions of the human brain, but it works wonders in relieving drudgery for some of the world’s poorest people.

Three-fifths of global employment is informal, outside the margins of the world market, insecure, excluded from government services, and miserably poor. A cheap smartphone might cost 30 percent of the monthly income of the world’s 2.5 billion poorest people, but it connects them to the world economy. Impoverished people trapped in subsistence agriculture and the barter economy become entrepreneurs. In a recent study for American Affairs, I used World Bank data to show that once internet penetration reaches a threshold of 60 percent, business formation in the Global South jumps dramatically.

https://www.aol.com/irans-state-tv-reports-2-122209945.html

DUBAI, United Arab Emirates (AP) — Two explosions minutes apart Wednesday in Iran targeted a commemoration for a prominent general slain in a U.S. drone strike in 2020, killing at least 73 people and wounding over 170 others as the Middle East remains on edge over Israel’s war on Hamas in the Gaza Strip.

No group immediately claimed responsibility for what Iranian state media called a “terroristic” attack shortly after the blasts in Kerman, about 820 kilometers (510 miles) southeast of the capital, Tehran.

While Israel has carried out attacks in Iran over its nuclear program, it has conducted targeted assassinations, not mass-casualty bombings. Sunni extremist groups including the Islamic State group have conducted large-scale attacks in the past that killed civilians in Shiite-majority Iran, though not in relatively peaceful Kerman.

Iran also has seen mass protests in recent years, including those over the death of 22-year-old Mahsa Amini in 2022. The country also has been targeted by exile groups in attacks dating back to the turmoil surrounding its 1979 Islamic Revolution.

The blasts struck an event marking the the fourth anniversary of the killing of Gen. Qassem Soleimani, the head of the Revolutionary Guard’s elite Quds Force. who died in a U.S. drone strike in Iraq in January 2020. The explosions occurred near his grave site in Kerman,

Iranian state television quoted Babak Yektaparast, a spokesman for the country’s emergency services, for the casualty figure. Authorities said some people were injured while fleeing afterward.

Footage suggested that the second blast occurred some 15 minutes after the first. A delayed second explosion is often used by militants to target emergency personnel responding to the scene and inflict more casualties.

People could be heard screaming in state TV footage.

Kerman’s deputy governor, Rahman Jalali, called the attack “terroristic,” without elaborating. Iran has multiple foes who could be behind the assault, including exile groups, militant organizations and state actors. Iran has supported Hamas as well as the Lebanese Shiite militia Hezbollah and Yemen’s Houthi rebels.

Soleimani was the architect of Iran’s regional military activities and is hailed as a national icon among supporters of Iran’s theocracy. He also helped secure Syrian President Bashar Assad’s government after the 2011 Arab Spring protests against him turned into a civil, and later a regional, war that still rages today.

Relatively unknown in Iran until the 2003 U.S. invasion of Iraq, Soleimani’s popularity and mystique grew after American officials called for his killing over his help arming militants with penetrating roadside bombs that killed and maimed U.S. troops.

A decade and a half later, Soleimani had become Iran’s most recognizable battlefield commander, ignoring calls to enter politics but growing as powerful, if not more, than its civilian leadership.

Ultimately, a drone strike launched by the Trump administration killed the general, part of escalating incidents that followed America’s 2018 unilateral withdrawal from Tehran’s nuclear deal with world powers.

Soleimani’s death has drawn large processions in the past. At his funeral in 2020, a stampede broke out in Kerman and at least 56 people were killed and more than 200 were injured as thousands thronged the procession. Otherwise, Kerman largely has been untouched in the recent unrest and attacks that have struck Iran. The city and province of the same name sits in Iran’s central desert plateau.