https://www.jpost.com/opinion/article-797390
Based on the Torah, the Jewish people and Judaism are defined by two concepts: (1) Following God’s commandments and the belief in one God, ethical monotheism; (2) Establishing a society based on Jewish sovereignty in Eretz Yisrael, the Land of Israel. Israeli sovereignty, the basis for its national existence as a Jewish state, the homeland of the Jewish people, is defined in Israel’s Declaration of Independence in 1948. It incorporated much of UN Resolution 181, passed in 1947, including the rights of its non-Jewish residents. Following the war in 1948-9, Israel was accepted as a member state of the United Nations.
The result of the war was inconclusive. Israel and the Arab countries that had attacked Israel agreed to a ceasefire, and an armistice was signed based on temporary – de facto, not de jure – “borders.” The area that was conquered by Jordan became known as “the West Bank.” However, local Arab terrorists and those from neighboring countries continued to attack Jews.
Since the beginning of its existence as a state, therefore, Israel was faced with a problem: What to do with Arabs who lived under its jurisdiction and did not accept Israeli sovereignty. Many, if not most, still do not. For them, Israel’s survival and victory in the war of 1948-49 was a nakba (catastrophe) – the essence of the Palestinian narrative, and its ideology, Palestinianism.
As a result of the War of Independence, many Arabs fled to other countries, especially to Jordan. Nearly a million became “refugees,” most of whom were cared for by UNRWA, and about 156, 000 who remained in Israel and became Israeli citizens. In addition, as a result of the war, Israel acquired abandoned Arab villages and property, and areas which had not been assigned to Israel in 1948, especially in the Galilee, the Negev, and western Jerusalem – which Israel declared as its capital – with their Arab populations. Arabs still consider these areas as “disputed,” and they oppose any form of Israeli sovereignty.